Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms that can be present in human blood that can cause diseases in humans, such as HBV and HIV. Bloodborne pathogens are transmitted through blood, vomit, saliva, and other bodily fluids. Exposure occurs when the pathogens come into contact with a mucus membrane such as the nose or mouth, or through open wounds or needle pokes.

There are a variety of occupations that may be at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as healthcare professionals, first responders, and cleaning or housekeeping employees. It is critical for employees in these fields to be knowledgeable of the risk of bloodborne pathogens, and how to properly handle any potentially contaminated materials or areas. OSHA has set the standard for how to handle bloodborne pathogen contamination and exposure.

All employees should be trained on Universal Precautions, which are measures taken to avoid exposure by treating all contaminated materials and equipment as if it may be infectious. Some protective practices may include color-coding of transportation containers, use of PPE, properly disposing of used cleaning materials, and avoiding eating or drinking in potentially contaminated areas.

It is vital that anyone who's occupation may put them at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens know these standards, and what to do if they are exposed. Employers must routinely educate their staff, and keep an updated plan of action available.