Blood borne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that have the potential to cause disease in human. One way these pathogens may be transmitted is through needle sticks or other sharps. Pathogens include but are not limited to hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some pathogens can impact organs and other areas of the body causing harm and dysfunction. 

It is extremely important that cleaning employees and staff are continuously trained in the correct handling methods and protocol. They need to take precautions when dealing in environments where there is exposure to these pathogens. For example staff needs to know to escalate to their supervisor immediately if they have been exposed. They should never reuse towels or sponges, they should wash hands properly and handle contaminated laundry as directed. Ways staff can protect themselves include wearing personal protective gear, gloves, goggles and masks as needed. Unless otherwise directed, it should be assumed that all blood is contaminated and follow the protocol for cleanup.

A written exposure control plan must be kept updated and should be shared with employees. When an exposure occurs OSHA mandates that certain records are kept for three years. The overall goal is to ensure that everyone follows the protocol when dealing with blood borne pathogens and know what to do if there's a problem or issue.